Journal articles: 'Secondary School Language Arts' – Grafiati (2024)

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<p>Developing an appropriate competence in reading in English as a second language is a key factor for subsequent academic success. This study investigated second language reading anxiety of secondary school students. A questionnaire was distributed to 72 female students and focus-group interviews were conducted with 19 volunteer students. Overall results reveal significant differences between the levels of reading anxiety reported by students relative to their general area of study (viz., science or arts). All the recorded differences were in favor of students in the science track. Most of the sources of reading anxiety that were identified by the students were related to language proficiency, specifically knowledge of vocabulary and grammatical rules.</p>

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A survey of secondary industrial arts teachers was made to examine the use of hearing protection in industrial arts programs. The results showed the teachers had little knowledge of hearing conservation methods. All of the teachers had access to an audiologist but very few knew that an audiologist was available. They did say that they would consult with one if help were offered. Although 47% of the teachers believed that they had acquired an occupational hearing loss, they did not use personal hearing protection. The results pointed out the need for further education of industrial arts teachers and more use of school audiologists as consultants.

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eSports is a rising modality of sports entertainment in the United States and has growing implications for education. Providing competitive eSports teams in schools satisfies the growing desire to train and educate students on the skills emphasized in STEM and Career Technical Education (CTE) education, as well as in programs such as English and Language Arts. eSports develop the soft skills universities and employers like to see in a student graduating from high school. As the market continues to grow for eSports, opportunities for post-secondary education as well as for prospective employment will increase. The popularity of eSports will continue to grow, and this popularity will be reflected in the schools.

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Health educators in elementary and secondary schools should seek collaborations with teachers of other subjects to enhance health education curriculum. The strategy described in this article details a potential collaboration between health education and language arts units. The activity enhances both drug education knowledge gains and creative writing skills among junior high/middle school students.

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Having been nurtured in the counting culture in Nigeria, my discovery of qualitative research methodology was as novel and subversive as using my left hand, which is considered a taboo in many Nigerian homes. This paper relates my initial attempt to deploy a qualitative methodology, especially art as a research tool, in investigating why Nigerian senior secondary school students and teachers hated Oral English. That study provided a canvas for the exhibition of art in my inquiry.

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This article shares the results of a case study that explored Annie’s socially situated identity as a secondary English Language Arts teacher-mentor over 5 years at an urban school. Annie’s identities as a teacher-mentor occupied the space of the hyphen—sometimes a teacher, sometimes a mentor, sometimes both. Using discourse analysis, we describe how Annie positioned herself and was positioned as a mentor and a teacher. We explore Annie’s transformations informed by figured worlds associated with the Discourses of Mentor and Teacher at College Prep. Annie’s teacher-mentor identity shifted, evolved, and overlapped in this space as she interacted at College Prep and was influenced by institutional and societal Discourses, including students’ home Discourses. The study points to the need for more and perhaps different kinds of support for mentor-teacher/teacher-mentors who work in urban school environments to prepare them to negotiate potential conflicts in their identities.

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Abstract. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all schools in Germany were locked down for several months in 2020. How schools realized teaching during the school lockdown greatly varied from school to school. N = 2,647 parents participated in an online survey and rated the following activities of teachers in mathematics, language arts (German), English, and science/biology during the school lockdown: frequency of sending task assignments, task solutions and requesting for solutions, giving task-related feedback, grading tasks, providing lessons per videoconference, and communicating via telecommunication tools with students and/or parents. Parents also reported student academic outcomes during the school lockdown (child's learning motivation, competent and independent learning, learning progress). Parents further reported student characteristics and social background variables: child's negative emotionality, school engagement, mathematical and language competencies, and child's social and cultural capital. Data were separately analyzed for elementary and secondary schools. In both samples, frequency of student-teacher communication was associated with all academic outcomes, except for learning progress in elementary school. Frequency of parent-teacher communication was associated with motivation and learning progress, but not with competent and independent learning, in both samples. Other distant teaching activities were differentially related to students' academic outcomes in elementary vs. secondary school. School engagement explained most additional variance in all students' outcomes during the school lockdown. Parent's highest school leaving certificate incrementally predicted students' motivation, and competent and independent learning in secondary school, as well as learning progress in elementary school. The variable “child has own bedroom” additionally explained variance in students' competent and independent learning during the school lockdown in both samples. Thus, both teaching activities during the school lockdown as well as children's characteristics and social background were independently important for students' motivation, competent and independent learning, and learning progress. Results are discussed with regard to their practical implications for realizing distant teaching.

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Professionals in the field of learning disabilities have made tremendous advances in the past twenty years in research, methodology, diagnosis, and programs. Until very recently (Johnston 1984), much of this progress has focused on the young learning disabled child (Kaliski 1962; Homan 1970) and on the curricular area of language arts. Although learning disabled (LD) students are indeed enrolled in middle school and high school mathematics classes, limited attention has been paid to their difficulties and special needs, and even less information is available addressing the concerns of their mathematics teachers. Because of mainstreaming, most LD students will probably remain in the regular classes for prealgebra, algebra, and geometry.

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This study compares school-wide Annual Yearly Progress (AYP) results in Indiana schools earning the Recognized ASCA Model Program (RAMP) designation (n = 75) with a sample of control schools stratified by level and locale (n = 226). K-12 schools earning the RAMP designation in 2007, 2008, and 2009 comprise the experimental group. Findings indicate that school-wide proficiency rates in English/Language Arts and Math are significantly higher in RAMP-designated elementary schools compared to elementary controls. Four-year longitudinal results indicate a significant positive difference between RAMP-designated elementary schools and their controls in Math. Findings provide support for the impact of comprehensive, data-driven, accountable school counseling programs at the elementary level and suggest further research is needed at the middle and secondary levels. This article presents and discusses additional results and implications for practice.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine a school-based Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) project on educational inequity and high stakes testing. Design/methodology/approach A former high school teacher (currently a university professor) and two former students (currently research assistants and university students) take up a youth studies framework to collaboratively resee multimodal artifacts from a tenth-grade course in qualitative research. Findings Findings illustrate the power of finding allies in peers and educators; the transformative power of deep participation; and the longitudinal nature of social change and action. Thus, this research demonstrates that when students are positioned as researchers, experts and knowledge producers, they can collaborate with one another, teachers and administrators to confront social inequities within their schools and beyond. Originality/value This study has value for applying critical, youth-centered pedagogies in secondary English language arts classrooms and schools.

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Homeland is generally the land where one person was born and grew upand also it is a broad concept that includes language, history, culture and family ties as well as being the land that a nation freely lives on. Homeland is not only a physical space, but a strong association of cultures, arts assets, and language, religion and common past together. In this study, it was tried to determine the views of the middle school students living in the Kyrgyz Republic, whose mother or father is a Turkish citizen. This study was conducted with156 students studying in, the Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Education Kyrgyzstan Bishkek Middle School and in Imam Hatip Secondary School. This school, which is connected to the Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Education and mostly chıldren contınued who are the citizens of the Republic of Turkey. In this descriptive survey model, the data were obtained from the open-ended questionnaire asked to the students. In the analysis of the data, content analysis was used. 109 students participated in the survey stated that they see Turkey as the homeland. Students were determined Kyrgyzstan and Russia as a country after Turkey. 4 themes and 9 sub-themes were formed in the direction of the students' thinking about the concept of “homeland”. In the research, each theme related to students 'responses was examined separately, and some students' thoughts were also included and interpreted.

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This embedded case study investigates the nature of authorship in a secondary English Language Arts classroom by examining two adolescents’ writing identities and experiences writing across genres. Using rhetorical genre theory, the study illustrates how composition and notions of authorship in this context were strongly informed by conversations—both with peers and the teacher. An additional finding was that students wrote themselves into different genre identities as they composed poetry, editorials, and memoirs, drawing on different authorial stances and sources of knowledge. Finally, this analysis documents robust learning about the nature of writing, including transferring rhetorical strategies across contexts and purposes, skills often called for in education policy as well as career and college writing, not documented in secondary schools. Implications for teaching include valuing relationship-building conversations, offering students multiple genre positions across secondary writing experiences, and considering ways to build upon writers’ self-described and socially constructed identities as successful writers.

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This article discusses a 2018 theatrical production of Hamlet with Romanian teenage arts students, directed by one of the article’s authors, actress and academic Dana Trifan Enache. As an artist, she believes that the art of theatre spectacle depends pre-eminently on the actors’ enactment, and hones her students’ acting skills and technique accordingly. The other voice in the article comes from an academic in a cognate discipline within the broad field of arts and humanities. As a feminist and medievalist, the latter has investigated the political underside of representations of the body in religious drama, amongst others. The analytic duo reflects as much the authors’ different professional formation and academic interests as their asymmetrical positioning vis-à-vis the show as respectively the play’s director and one of its spectators. Their shared occupational investment, teaching to form and hone highly specialized professional skills, and shared object of professional interest (broadly conceived), text interpretation, account nevertheless for the possibility of fruitful interdisciplinary reflection on the 2018 Hamlet. This in-depth analysis of the circ*mstances of the performance and technical solutions it sought challenges stereotyped dismissals of a students’ Hamlet as superannuated, flimsy or gratuitously provocative. Furthermore, a gender-aware examination of the adaptation’s original handling of characters and scenes indicates unexpected cross-cultural and diachronic commonalities between the dramatic world of the 2018 Romanian production of Hamlet and socio-cultural developments emergent in pre-Shakespearean England.

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This article discusses a 2018 theatrical production of Hamlet with Romanian teenage arts students, directed by one of the article’s authors, actress and academic Dana Trifan Enache. As an artist, she believes that the art of theatre spectacle depends pre-eminently on the actors’ enactment, and hones her students’ acting skills and technique accordingly. The other voice in the article comes from an academic in a cognate discipline within the broad field of arts and humanities. As a feminist and medievalist, the latter has investigated the political underside of representations of the body in religious drama, amongst others. The analytic duo reflects as much the authors’ different professional formation and academic interests as their asymmetrical positioning vis-à-vis the show as respectively the play’s director and one of its spectators. Their shared occupational investment, teaching to form and hone highly specialized professional skills, and shared object of professional interest (broadly conceived), text interpretation, account nevertheless for the possibility of fruitful interdisciplinary reflection on the 2018 Hamlet. This in-depth analysis of the circ*mstances of the performance and technical solutions it sought challenges stereotyped dismissals of a students’ Hamlet as superannuated, flimsy or gratuitously provocative. Furthermore, a gender-aware examination of the adaptation’s original handling of characters and scenes indicates unexpected cross-cultural and diachronic commonalities between the dramatic world of the 2018 Romanian production of Hamlet and socio-cultural developments emergent in pre-Shakespearean England.

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This study is dedicated to the research of vocabulary learning strategies (VLSs) employed by a group of Saudi Arabian learners in an EFL (English as a foreign language) context. The rationale for the study is to clarify a pronounced lack of research on the EFL context in Saudi Schools Abroad (SSA), and a dearth of prior research into VLSs in this context. In particular, this research intends to explore how do students at Saudi School Malaysia (SSM) employ VLSs in their actual learning process. Therefore, this study is conducted on cognitive theory of learning studies, the mental processes involved in the learning process. Moreover, this study conducted an analysis of studies dedicated to VLSs through secondary students at Saudi school in Malaysia based on previous research problems of models and theories. In addition, this study applied quantitative approach, and the questionnaire was conducted using 105 students. The results of this study revealed the percentage and frequency have further underscored this role and the significance of vocabulary learning in both students and teachers. Also, the results show that students at SSM have employed the five categories of VLSs at a medium level and almost at a close range.

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Religious diversity within Dutch schools has greatly increased. We carried out an empirical study to offer insights into how secondary school teachers (try to) relate to the formal Protestant Christian identity of their school, the challenges they experience in relation to their own personal worldview, and the recommendations they have to overcome these challenges. In our qualitative study, we interviewed thirty-two teachers from eight different schools. In selecting the schools, we took into account the diversity of Protestant Christian secondary education in the Netherlands. The teachers teach different subjects in a variety of disciplines (languages, creative arts, sciences, et cetera). For many teachers, their personal worldview does not align neatly with the formal religious identity of the school. As a result, teachers experience challenges in relation to, for example, the act of daily worship and (Christian) celebrations. Teachers also experience tensions regarding the extent to which schools could or should be open towards (religious) others. Teachers’ advice, among other recommendations, is to create room for an open exchange of views, opinions, and experiences between teachers and principals. Some teachers recommend that their principal reconsider the formal Christian identity of the school and search for another, more inclusive school identity with which everyone involved can better identify.

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The approaches of 17 experienced secondary school teachers of English in New Zealand to choosing text, reported through semi-structured interviews, aligns well to one strand of theory about adolescent literacy. This theory, based on empirical research, advocates taking account of students’ interests and backgrounds when choosing texts. New Zealand secondary school English teachers’ sense of unencumbered autonomy to choose texts may come under pressure from signalled policy moves for increased accountability for progress in literacy between the primary and secondary school years. The pattern internationally has been for movements to increase accountability to result in a narrowing of curriculum approaches.

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Baghdad University is located in Baghdad; the Capital of Iraq, consists of many colleges via Sciences and Humanities , for example: College of languages, College of Arts, College of Education for Women and College of Education /Ibn Rushd and others. Each one of these Colleges consists of various departments. Our department is the English Department for four academic years. In the First year, we have four sections of more than fifty students each. Our students are boys and girls and all of them are going to be English Language Teachers because all these four academic years will make them qualified to be so. The government helps them to find jobs immediately after graduation. In these four years, our students spend 45 days in schools as a student - teacher and the staff members are visiting those two or three times to evaluate them in relation to the method of teaching and daily plan. Staff members will evaluate the way of treating the pupils in the secondary school, their way of teaching, their confidence inside the classrooms and many other points.

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Previous research has revealed that teachers' attitudes to ability grouping are influenced by the type of ability grouping adopted in the school where they teach. This research aimed to compare the attitudes of teachers of different subjects teaching low, high or mixed ability classes in years 7 to 9 in 45 secondary schools. Over 1500 teachers from 45 secondary schools, with a range of subject specialisms completed a questionnaire which elicited their responses to statements of beliefs about ability grouping and its effects. Teachers of mathematics and modern foreign languages were more in favour of structured ability grouping than those teaching English and humanities. Science, arts and PE, and ICT, design and business studies teachers expressed intermediate attitudes. Attitudes were determined in part by conceptions of the nature of the subject but also by the type of ability groupings adopted by the school in which they taught. In taking decisions about the type of ability grouping to adopt consideration needs to be given to the nature of the subject matter to be taught and the attitudes of the teachers who teach that subject.

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This study explored the English/Language Arts teachers’ beliefs and practices in teaching and assessing students’ viewing skills in secondary education in the Philippines. Three secondary teachers in three government-run institutions were surveyed, interviewed and observed regarding their conception of visual literacy. The study revealed that teacher belief is influenced by their early education. In addition, teachers’ ability to teach and assess viewing skills relies not only on teacher training but also on access to technology and availability instrutional materials. The study suggests a call to strengthen school or government support in order to promote viewing comprehension in basic education to meet the demands of the 21st century.

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The goal of this survey study was to discover the reasons for the use or nonuse of young adult literature in the classroom. This study revealed that YAL has gained in popularity with middle school teachers. New information, presented from qualitative data analysis on open-ended survey responses, adds to previous research on how teachers use YAL in secondary classrooms.

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Writing constitutes one of the main skills that second language learners find difficulty in. One area they find difficult in the process of writing compositions is the correct use of capital letters. This study is an attempt to describe the common errors that pupils commit in the use of capitalisation in written texts. Since the use of capital letters constitutes an important area in the overall assessment of pupils’ written texts, this study provided necessary information to guide teachers of Language Arts in preparing pupils for writing tasks. The main objective therefore was to categorise and determine the extent to which errors are committed by Junior Secondary School pupils. In order to obtain data for this study, three Junior Secondary Schools were selected in the Bo Municipality. Fifty pupils were randomly selected from each of the three schools, comprising twenty-five from JSS 2 and twenty-five from JSS 3. This gave a total of one hundred and fifty pupils in all. The pupils were given a task to write a composition of at least one hundred and fifty words under normal examination conditions. The study revealed that pupils had generally not understood the rule involved in the use of capital letters. The areas where errors were more prominent involved proper nouns, beginning of a sentence, poor background knowledge of letter shapes, overgeneralisation and not capitalising the first word in the closing of a letter.

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Abstract. School engagement during adolescence is an important personal asset for youth development. While multiple factors contribute to student engagement at school, research on the role of curricular factors is scarce. Based on a secondary analysis of data from Cycle 3 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, this study examined the associations of Canadian students’ enjoyment of arts education, language arts, mathematics, physical education, and science with their engagement at school during early and middle adolescence, accounting for relevant demographic, family, peer, school, and community factors. All things considered, high levels of enjoyment of physical education and arts education were among the top factors making a contribution to school engagement in both periods of adolescence, and enjoyment of physical education was actually the strongest contributor to school engagement in early adolescence. The findings suggest that curricular factors, and in particular the quality of students’ experiences in physical education and arts education, may be more important than previously recognized in terms of understanding and promoting school engagement in early and middle adolescence. Specifically, the findings provide initial evidence that a positive experience in physical education and arts education can contribute to student engagement and valuing of school. In addition, the findings provide further support for the role of participation in extracurricular activities and after school programs in fostering a sense of connectedness to and endorsem*nt of school values and outcomes during the developmental periods considered.Resumen. La implicación con la escuela durante la adolescencia es un importante activo personal para el desarrollo humano. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre el rol de factores curriculares es escasa. A partir de un análisis secundario de datos del Ciclo 3 de la Encuesta nacional del desarrollo de los niños y los jóvenes, este estudio examina las asociaciones del disfrute de las Artes, las Lenguas, las Matemáticas, la Educación Física y las Ciencias con la implicación escolar en estudiantes canadienses durante la adolescencia temprana y media, teniendo en cuenta factores demográficos, familiares, sociales, escolares y comunitarios relevantes. Niveles altos de disfrute de la Educación Física y de las Artes fueron dos de los factores que más contribuyeron en este estudio a la implicación escolar durante la adolescencia temprana y media, mientras que el disfrute de la Educación Física se reveló específicamente como el factor más importante en la adolescencia temprana. Factores curriculares, y en particular la calidad de la experiencia de los alumnos en las asignaturas de Educación Física y de Artes, pueden ser más importantes que lo pensado anteriormente para comprender y promover el compromiso con la escuela durante la adolescencia temprana y media. Los resultados proporcionan evidencias iniciales de que una experiencia positiva en las asignaturas de Educación Física y de Artes puede contribuir a un mayor compromiso con la escuela y una valoración favorable de la misma por parte de los alumnos y refuerzan el rol de la participación en actividades extracurriculares y programas fuera del horario escolar.

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This study aims to provide an introductory of the codification of the objectives and components of teaching writing within the National Language curriculum in upper secondary in correlation with elementary and lower secondary curriculums. The method is a qualitative analysis of the contents. The data includes the Persian Language curriculum in Iranian upper secondary schools (version 2007) and American core curriculum for Language Arts (in New Jersey, 2004) collected through library study and note taking from Iran and foreign documents. In the present research, objectives and components of teaching writing within the curriculums in countries cited are analyzed and perused based on Autonomous and Ideological approaches to literacy; suggesting that objectives and components of American curriculum for teaching writing are formularized and influenced by Ideological approach, whereas Iranian writing curriculum possess properties of Autonomous Approach(consciously or unconsciously)and characteristics concerned with Ideological approach are marginal in Iran. After discussing features of curriculums in America (New Jersey), impressed by the Ideological approach to literacy, we proceed to bring forward the advantages and drawbacks of objectives and components of Iranian curriculum for teaching writing and some suggestions to improve are mentioned

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Purpose The purpose of this work is to describe the current sociopolitical context and complex consequences surrounding elementary literacy education in one Midwestern US state and consider how power works through language. Design/methodology/approach Using qualitative methods and critical discourse analysis as a theory and method, surveys and interview data from teachers, administrators and parents, policy documents and other artifacts were analyzed and described to explain the sociopolitical climate. Findings Using Fairclough (2015) and Gee’s (2015) tools, the authors identified the discourses of deficiency, efficiency and gatekeeping in the data. Foucault’s ideas about governmentality and regimes of truth are used to explain the ways teachers took up the policies and resisted them. Research limitations/implications The authors argue that a new testing regime is on the move, and more unity and critique by elementary and secondary teachers and administrators will be important for restoring and sustaining quality literacy instruction and decision-making in all classrooms. Practical implications Continued research is needed to understand how particular reading assessments exacerbate and perpetuate the ranking and sorting in schools and the loss and struggle children face when they are denied literacy experiences that validate their lives outside of school and give meaning and purpose to reading in school. Originality value As the reality for secondary education language arts teachers begins to shift to a more restrictive curriculum, a loss of academic freedom and frequent testing, the authors see an opportunity for new professional alliances to form in support of a complex theory of literacy.

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The present paper focuses on the problem of values and representation of language as an artistic value. The main objectives of the research are to specify the role of artistic values for people, represent the methodology for the integration of arts into foreign language classes, evaluate its results. The research questions of the study aimed to investigate how the experimental course contributed to students’ attitude towards artistic values, the development of their language and communication skills. The outlined methodology of arts integration into foreign language classes involves teaching art terms, phraseological units about art, popular-quotations, and teaching through literary translation and dialogue of cultures. The one-term experimental integrated course of English and art classes was implemented by two secondary schools in Kyiv (Ukraine). The evaluation of the results was done with the method of qualitative research. The findings confirmed that language as an artistic value is a powerful instrument for students’ personal, artistic, and cognitive development.

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This research aims to analyze the implementation of teacher strategies in maintaining Sundanese Culture in West Java, at Senior High Schools in Region I West Java. The research method used was descriptive-qualitative with literature study. Data collection techniques were done through interviews, documentation, and examining secondary data as complementary data. The results showed that territory that were further away from the Priangan/Bandung area such as Depok City, and parts of Bogor Regency which bordered by Banten and Depok, has cultural acculturation and it was difficult to maintain Sundanese language, so that this region places great emphasis on Sundanese arts and traditional clothes. To instill a love “nyaah” or love of Sundanese culture, namely by implementing Sundanese art activity program strategies and competitions on Sundanese culture in schools by adjusting the language used in the area, namely Indonesian with the Betawinese dialect. Meanwhile for territory of closer Priangan/Bandung like the Sukabumi City, Bogor City, Cianjur Regency, Sukabumi Regency, and parts of Bogor Regency which border Cianjur-Sukabumi, there is no difficulty that the maintenance of Sundanese culture, because the majority of students in this region is the original Sundanese people. Yet these areas implement strategy in the use of language in accordance undak-usuk or origin of Sundanese language through a lesson and outside of a lesson, and focused on aspects art and Sundanese traditional clothes, with an implement strategy through activity program pasanggirikasundaan (competition on Sundanese) and art Sundanese at school.

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As a result of the accountability requirements established in Title III of the Elementary and Secondary Educational Act (ESEA) legislation, English Learners (ELs) are expected to make progress in both content area academic achievement and English Language Proficiency (ELP). In Tennessee ELs progress is measured by administering WIDA-Access to assess English language proficiency, and Tennessee Comprehensive Assessment Program (TCAP) standardized assessments to measure content academic achievement. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the performance levels of ELs who achieved the exit criteria on WIDA-Access state mandated English proficiency assessment and their subsequent performance on English Language Arts and Math TCAP assessments. Specifically, a comparison of EL’s achievement on TCAP was compared to the achievement on TCAP of non-ELs. Independent samples t-tests were performed on data from 302 elementary and middle school ELs and non-ELs that participated in WIDA-Access and TCAP assessments in 2015. Data analyses concluded that English Language Arts and Math TCAP scale scores were significantly different between ELs and non-ELs. Achievement levels in both English Language Arts TCAP and Math TCAP for ELs, who achieved the exit criteria on WIDA-Access, were lower than the achievement levels of non-ELs. Discussions of the findings in this study along with implications of using these assessments to measure ELs growth is provided in relation to the increased demands on measuring both the academic achievement and English language progress for ELs.

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Resumen. El presente artículo corresponde a una experiencia pedagógica implementada al interior de un programa de formación de profesores/as en artes visuales, cuyo futuro contexto de desempeño laboral son los niveles de enseñanza secundaria en el contexto escolar chileno. Su objetivo principal es reflexionar teóricamente en torno al cuerpo y sus posibilidades pedagógicas, a partir de la implementación de estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las artes visuales que involucran la practica corporal como dispositivo didáctico. Bajo una metodología de Proyectos de Aprendizaje Expresivos define tres talleres teóricos/prácticos en torno al cuerpo al interior de un programa formación de profesores/as en artes visuales en Chile. Tras la implementación de cada taller, describe la reflexión de la práctica corporal con el ámbito teórico de la política del cuerpo, la corporeización de la identidad profesional y la cognición corporeizada. A modo de conclusión, permite reflexionar en torno al tránsito de una enseñanza disciplinar de las artes visuales hacia su integración interdisciplinar, entrelazando el ámbito de las humanidades con la cognición humana corporeizada. Finalmente sugiere tres talleres interdisciplinares que entrelazan literatura, teatro y cine, a partir del lenguaje y expresión corporal para programas de formación inicial de profesores/as en artes visuales. Palabras clave: cuerpo; artes visuales; teoría del arte; formación de docentes. Abstract: This article is based on a pedagogical experience implemented within a visual arts teacher training program, whose future work context will be the secondary education levels in the Chilean school context. Its main objective is to theoretically reflect about the body and its pedagogical possibilities. Since the implementation of a program of visual art teaching and learning that includes the body as a didactic dispositive. Under a methodology of a Learning-Expressive Project were defined three theoretical practical workshops about the body within a visual art teachers training program in Chile. After every workshop it was described the reflection of corporal practice with the theoretical scope of the body politics, the embodiment of professional identity and embodied cognition. As a conclusion, it allows us to reflect on the transition from a disciplinary teaching of the visual arts towards its interdisciplinary integration, intertwining the field of the humanities with embodied human cognition. Finally, three interdisciplinary workshops are suggested that intertwine literature, theater and cinema, based on body language and expression for visual arts teachers initial training programs. Keywords: body; visual arts; art theory; teachers training

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The special issues of the journals LIDIL (2015) and LEND (2016), edited by Filippo Fonio and Monica Masperi (Université Grenoble Alpes), give a welcome contribution to the field of foreign language learning through drama and the arts. These two volumes are the result of a common research project, carried out by the co-editors since 2012, within the organisation in Grenoble of the conference Les pratiques théâtrales dans l’apprentissage des langues: institutionnalisation et enjeux de formation au niveau européen. As the co-editors assert in both introductions, the main aim of the research project was to put together various experiences and reflections, originating from different academic contexts and countries, in order to answer to the following crucial questions concerning foreign language teaching and learning through drama- and arts-based approaches (LIDIL 6-7, LEND 9): a) What role can the performing arts and drama-based activities play in secondary school and academic courses? b) In what forms may they be introduced and taught? c) How can such practices be integrated into courses and curricula for foreign language students? d) What connection can be established between these practices and CEFR’s action-oriented approach? e) How can we overcome the suspicion often raised in certain institutional contexts of ...

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This article investigates whether teachers grade students with a migration background (SMBs) less generously than native students with comparable academic skills, and it examines the sources of such migrants’ under evaluation. We use population data from two whole cohorts of pupils enrolled in Italian primary and lower-secondary school. Using subject-specific standardized test scores as a yardstick, we found that SMBs were graded less generously by teachers than were natives with comparable ability, in both reading and mathematics. Applying the Blinder-Oaxaca method to assess which factors can account for SMBs’ disadvantage, we found that the most relevant factors are language spoken at home and family socio-economic resources, but that some students’ attitudes towards school also matter, especially in lower secondary school. However, observable characteristics are far from accounting for all the teacher grading bias against SMBs, suggesting that unobserved factors and implicit discrimination processes could be at work as well.

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Using state-representative teacher surveys in three states—Texas, Ohio, and Kentucky—we examine teachers’ implementation of college- and career-readiness (CCR) standards. What do teachers report about the specificity, authority, consistency, power, and stability of their standards environment? How does their policy environment predict standards-emphasized instruction? Do these relationships differ for those who teach different subjects (math and English Language Arts [ELA]), different grades (elementary or high school), different populations (English Language Learners [ELLs], students with disabilities [SWDs]), and in different areas (rural, urban, or suburban)? We found elementary math teachers taught significantly more standards-emphasized content than elementary ELA teachers, whereas secondary ELA teachers taught significantly more standards-emphasized content than secondary math teachers. Teachers of SWDs and rural teachers taught significantly less of the emphasized content. In all three states, we found greater buy-in (authority) predicted increased emphasized content coverage among ELA teachers but not among math teachers.

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This naturalistic case study focuses on 2 preservice students in a secondary language arts program. I wanted to know how their histories as readers and students of literature intersected with their secondary-school literature course and how their developing stances on teaching literature changed as they moved through their preservice teaching. Data collection included fieldnotes; audiotaped interviews; reading protocols; documents such as syllabi, handouts, and assignments; preservice students' portfolios, logs, lesson plans, and tests; and videotapes of the participants teaching literature during their preservice teaching. I made observations of additional classes, and I collected teaching logs, lesson plans, and other relevant artifacts. I used a constant-comparison analysis to produce grounded theory about the preservice experience. The data revealed two broad sources of knowledge that were important to the participants' entering perceptions on teaching literature: prior experiences with literature and preexisting conceptions of the role of a teacher. The ideas they brought with them were often in conflict with what they encountered in the preservice course. Their cases illustrate the impact of a secondary-literature course and preservice teaching on participants' ideas about teaching literature.

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This research was a qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. Data obtained through observation, interview, literacy study, and documentation with Triangulation Method as data validity. This research examined the mathematical concepts of cultural elements, especially in the building of Bale Agung, Pendhopo Teras, Angkatahun Temple, Naga Temple, Induk Temple and Palah Inscription. The cultural elements studied were also in the form of technology systems used, religion, arts, language and social organization. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there were mathematical concepts that were applied to these cultural buildings, these concepts were in the form of Cuboid and Quadrilateral Prism, Numbers and Number Symbols, Geometry Transformation (Translation and Reflection), and Probability. The building at Candi Panataran can be an object of learning in school for all levels (Primary and Secondary school).

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Providing Iraqi students with proficiency in English is the ultimate goal of the educational system which is a way of getting knowledge in the fields of arts, sciences, transferring knowledge and sciences to other communities. Therefore, conducting such a type of study is very important because the contents of English textbooks have a huge influence on learning of the students. Once the content of English textbooks contain errors as the correct one, this will effect on his/her learning. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the new course entitled “English for Iraq” for fifth grade students for secondary schools, by Olivia Johnston and Mark Farell. It aims to answer eleven questions relating to the following domains: strength, objectives, appearance, design and illustration, language components, social and cultural context, accompanying materials, teaching methods, language skills, teachability, and practice and testing. The sample which is randomly chosen consists of (64) English language teachers, Baghdad Al-Rusafa 2nd. A survey checklist employed as an instrument of the present study. The major results showed that English teachers of Baghdad Al-Rusafa 2nd were satisfied with only seven domains of the checklist out of eleven. They are: the general appearance, design and illustration, accompanying materials, social and cultural context, teaching methods, practice and testing, and language components.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the types of request strategies employed by Yemeni and Malay secondary school students in English language. It also aimed at investigating the influence of social power and social distance on the students&rsquo; choice of request strategies. The data was collected through a discourse completion test (DCT) and the analysis used both Blum-Kulk&rsquo;s et al. (1989) Cross-Cultural Speech Act Realization Patterns (CCSARP), and Scollon and Scollon&rsquo;s (1995) politeness system. The findings of the study showed that both groups often use non-conventionally indirect request strategies by means of query preparatory. The analysis revealed that both groups do not take into consideration the social power and the social distance between the interlocutors because they always use the same strategies with any person. The students have this sociopragmatic knowledge in their mother tongue; however, both groups are not sensitive to the social power and social distance existing between the interlocutors as they lack the sociopragmatic knowledge in the target language. Moreover, the students almost use the same strategies even though they have different cultural backgrounds, and this might be attributed to their assimilation in the school learning environment which is a positive indicator for conductive learning environment.

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Traditionally, adults with intellectual disabilities have not been given the option of participating in and thus benefiting from higher and post-secondary education. However, over the last number of years, an increasing number of inclusive tertiary educational programmes have come into existence. This article focuses on one such programme entitled Arts, Science and Inclusive Applied Practice delivered in the Trinity Centre for People with Intellectual Disabilities, School of Education, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. The aim of this study was to consider the role of embodiment in supporting the Second Language Acquisition (SLA) process of a group of students with intellectual disabilities. The paper describes a project which integrated two of the programme modules – Italian for Beginners and Exploring Art: Renaissance to Modern. Findings presented support the use of a performative approach to second language learning for students with intellectual disabilities and sheds light on the connection between embodiment, language and learning in a performative key.

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Resumen: En este artículo se presenta una experiencia artística realizada en diez centros de enseñanza secundaria de L’Horta Nord y Camp de Morvedre (València) sobre los procesos de construcción identitaria mediante actitudes artísticas contemporáneas, en este caso, a través del videoarte. Utilizando la Investigación educativa basada en las artes (Arts Based Educational Research) se ha llevado a término la realización y posterior análisis interpretativo de todas las producciones videográficas fundamentadas en el autorretrato tradicional, por tanto, han conformado unos resultados muy interesantes que inducen a reflexionar sobre la utilización y desarrollo de estos nuevos géneros contemporáneos dentro del área de educación artística de los centros educativos. Dentro de esta investigación la creación de las nuevas narrativas audiovisuales como lenguaje artístico en el ámbito escolar abarca gran relevancia. Consideramos la utilización del vídeo como vehículo para la creación de imágenes que al mismo tiempo funciona como herramienta de trabajo imprescindible para la reflexión, indagación y análisis. Además se constituye como un procedimiento para cuestionar y criticar la imagen sistemática. Palabras clave: narrativa audiovisual, autorretrato, identidad, educación artística, enseñanza secundaria. Abstract: This article presents an artistic experience in ten secondary schools of L'Horta Nord and Camp de Morvedre (València) on the processes of construction of personal identities through contemporary artistic attitudes, in this case, through video art. Using the Arts Based Educational Research (Arts Based Educational Research), the completion and subsequent interpretative analysis of all the videographic productions based on the traditional self-portrait have been completed, therefore, they have shaped very interesting results that lead us to reflect on the use and development of these new contemporary genres within the area of artistic education of educational centers. Within this investigation the creation of the new audiovisual narratives as artistic language in the school environment encompasses great relevance. We consider the use of video as a vehicle for the creation of images that at the same time works as an essential work tool for reflection, inquiry and analysis. It is also constituted as a procedure to question and criticize the systematic image. Keywords: audiovisual narrative, self-portrait, identity, artistic education, secondary education. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.10.14331

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Purpose Grounded in the scholarship addressing teacher self-censorship around controversial topics, this paper aims to investigate a three-part research question: How do secondary English language arts (ELA) teacher–candidates (TCs) in the penultimate semester of their undergraduate teacher education program position political texts/speeches, interpret high school teens’ political standpoints and view the prospects of discussing political texts/speeches with students? The study findings provide insights to the ways some TCs might position themselves as novice ELA teachers relative to political texts/speeches, students, colleagues and families in their future school communities. Design/methodology/approach Audio-recorded data from whole-class and small-group discussions were coded for TCs’ positioning of political texts/speeches, interpretations of teens’ political standpoints and viewpoints on discussing with students President Obama’s speech, “A More Perfect Union” (“A.M.P.U.”) The coded data set was further analyzed to identify themes across the TCs’ perspectives. Findings The data set tells the story of a group of TCs whose positionalities, background knowledge and practical experiences in navigating divergent perspectives would influence both their daily selection and censorship of political texts/speeches like “A.M.P.U.” and their subsequent willingness to guide equitable yet critical conversations about controversial issues in the secondary ELA classroom. Originality/value In advance of the 2018 midterm elections, this paper considers how the common core state standards’ (CCSS) recommendations to include more nonfiction documents in ELA instruction positions ELA teachers to provide interdisciplinary support in helping students think critically about political issues. It expands on the body of scholarship that, thus far, has been primarily grounded in the research on social studies instruction.

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Purpose of the study: This study aims to build the capacity of a learner as a "global citizen," language teaching needs to focus on building the 5 C's of Communication, Cultures, Connections, Comparisons, and Communities along with language proficiency. The present study analyzes English language textbook contents taught at the secondary school level in Pakistan's postcolonial and multilingual context. Methodology: Identity and otherization are used as key heuristic tools to analyze the ideological texture of the focal texts and their influence on adolescent learners' emerging identities. Main Findings: Data analysis in the current article shows that texts in the textbook promote strong in-group identities. Exercises and activities for students focus on lexico-syntactical aspects of the texts. The communicative and intercultural skills of the students are not stimulated in the textbook. Applications of this study: This study can be useful for improving English language textbooks, and classrooms need to move beyond traditional language teaching and incorporate active critical thinking and intercultural awareness to suit the needs of the students in the globalized world of our present times. Novelty/Originality of this study: To create a more stable world in this age of interconnectedness, mobility, and globalization, our young generation needs to develop fluid identities open to dialogue with the Other and seek complexity instead of simplification and stereotyping in intercultural encounters.

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This review of literature highlights the efforts teacher educators and researchers have made over the past 18 years to work toward social justice in secondary English language arts (ELA) preservice teacher (PT) education. Drawing on Dantley and Green’s framework for social justice leadership, we highlight the work that teacher educators have engaged in to support secondary ELA PTs in developing (a) indignation/anger for justice through exploring beliefs about students and themselves, (b) a prophetic and historical imagination through broadening understandings about teaching and learning, and (c) accountability to students and communities through university-to-classroom transitions. We close this article by drawing on this framework to honor what we, as a field, have accomplished while acknowledging the efforts that still need to be made in working toward justice in secondary ELA PT education and, ultimately, in the schools and communities in which our PTs teach.

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People with disabilities have been among the most marginalised groups both within society and within post-secondary/higher education. Over the last two decades, an increasing number of inclusive educational programmes have come into existence both nationally and internationally for this group of learners. The Trinity Centre for People with Intellectual Disabilities (TCPID), School of Education, Trinity College Dublin, offers students with intellectual disabilities a two-year programme entitled Arts, Science and Inclusive Applied Practice (ASIAP). This paper presents a selection of voices from ASIAP students which highlights their experiences of becoming both co-researchers and second language learners. These studies present a variety of ways in which power relationships are negotiated between faculty and students through utilising creative and inclusive approaches to the research process.

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Aim/Purpose: In this study, the authors examine how an online word processing tool can be used to encourage participation among students of different language back-grounds, including English Language Learners. To be exact, the paper discusses whether student participation in anonymous collaborative writing via Google Docs can lead to more successful products in a linguistically diverse eighth-grade English Language Arts classroom. Background: English Language Learners (ELLs) make up a considerable portion of elementary and secondary public school students, as language and ethnic diversity has become the norm in the United States. The research literature finds that ELLs are statistically behind their monolingual peers on such key language and academic development indicators as writing. Educators and researchers then turn to collaborative writing with the assistance of online technology. Although it is shown in literature to be a worthwhile endeavor for students of all ages and ability levels, no studies have investigated the differences it makes, namely, in comparison to traditional face-to-face collaboration in the classroom, and to anonymous online collaboration in the virtual space. Methodology: Through face-to-face, online, and anonymous writing activities, a rubric, and a survey, this quantitative study asks if anonymous collaborative writing, com-pared to other modalities, equalizes participation among students of varying language fluencies, and if anonymous collaborative writing, compared to other modalities, affect student comfort levels. Contribution: This builds on research of online collaborative writing tools and suggests that using such tools (Google Docs in particular) is beneficial, especially for students who are building their language abilities. The study further reveals varied degree of success and student comfort level in participating writing tasks in three modalities. Findings: We ascertain that students of varying language fluencies participated more equally when they were able to remain anonymous. Face-to-face writing exhibited the highest overall scores, and students enjoyed working on Google Docs. Recommendations for Practitioners: Future and current teachers are encouraged to be open to new technologies and be creative in the use of technology to facilitate student learning. They should have the opportunity to participate in the discussion on how, not if, integrating technology impacts the cognitive, social, and cultural dimensions of teaching. Recommendation for Researchers: After this initial quantitative study on students’ reactions to various modalities of technology-supported writing formats, the next questions to ask may be how students were engaging in dialogues during face-to-face sessions or chat features of Google Docs trials, and what types of edits students are making. Researchers should turn their focus on secondary school classrooms where there is an increasing impact of technology-assisted collaborative writing on student learning and teaching pedagogy. Impact on Society: As online technology has become an integral part of daily life, it is beneficial to educators, policy makers, and classroom teachers to understand how technology can be integrated in writing programs and to what extent the integration can help boost student motivation and participation. Future Research: More longitudinal research on online assisted collaborative writing and addi-tional quantitative data are needed to further understand the complexities of the writing process in-group online writing and the nature of collaboration.

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Current The major purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of liberating approach of teaching with banking approach of teaching in the subject of English at secondary level in Pakistan. In order to develop the rational of the study, an experiment was devised to identify the effect of liberating approach of teaching on students’ achievement in the subject of English at secondary school level. Through this approach student creativity and mental power is stimulated and better used in academic and social context. The population of the study was included all the students of science and arts enrolled in 9th class in girls’ comprehensive higher secondary school of the Multan city. The researcher was selected two intact group sections of English medium science and both the sections have total 104 students. The study was Quasi Experimental with a Non-equivalent control group pre-test post-test design. One section was randomly selected an experimental group (X1) and the other was assigned to control group (X2).A pre-test and post-test were developed by the researcher, through carefully reviewing the methods of test development regarding quantifying students language skill, that is writing skills. A panel assessed the validity of both the test. The test had 50 marks for writing capacity (writing skills test).A pilot study was conducted to validate the instruments .The results also showed that treatment enhanced the achievement level of the experimental group in English. The researcher has confirmed that liberating approach is connected with learning techniques and strategies; and it is recommended that teacher of English should apply liberating approach to improve writing skills of the students in the classes. The findings revealed that liberating approach is more effective as compared to banking approach (traditional) of teaching. It is recommended that the teachers should apply liberating approach of teaching in the classes in order to improve writing skills of the students.